c'est-à-dire

B1

that is to say, i.e., in other words

ExampleEmphasisNeutral

Used to clarify, explain, or reformulate what was just said. Very useful for making your meaning clearer or more precise.

Usage

Can be abbreviated as 'c.-à-d.' in writing. Often used to provide a more specific explanation or example of a general statement.

Examples

J'arrive demain, c'est-à-dire le 15 mars.

I'm arriving tomorrow, that is to say March 15th.

Context: Clarifying a date

Il est bilingue, c'est-à-dire qu'il parle deux langues couramment.

He's bilingual, that is to say he speaks two languages fluently.

Context: Explaining a term

Je travaille à mi-temps, c'est-à-dire 20 heures par semaine.

I work part-time, i.e. 20 hours per week.

Context: Being more specific

Synonyms & Alternatives

autrement diten d'autres termesà savoir

Important Notes

Very useful connector for clarifying your meaning. Common in both spoken and written French.